Entre Belzébul et le Grand Prêtre : le Codex Washingtoniensis, un témoin-clé d'un état intermédiaire de Mc 3,20-3

Abstract

This article examines the pericope of the Beelzebul controversy (Mark 3,20-35) in Codex Washingtonianus, within the broader context of textual evolution in the New Testament. The study highlights the complex narrative structure and theological layers of the text, which go beyond a simple debate over Jesus’ power to exorcise demons. By analyzing key textual variants, the article reveals a deeper underlying theme of Jesus’ critique of religious and political authorities, particularly the Herodian priests and their relationship with the Temple. The vocabulary used, especially in reference to the ‘strong man’s house,’ evokes connections to the destruction of the First Temple and the restoration of sacred objects, drawing parallels with the language of Esdras. The analysis demonstrates how scribes’ choices in transmitting unclear passages influenced the textual tradition. Through a detailed comparison of Codex Washingtonianus with other key manuscripts, including Codex Bezae, Codex Vaticanus, and minuscule 700, this study explores the theological implications and editorial processes that shaped the transmission of the pericope.